Chunk NixOS manual

[Squashed commits to make git blame etc. more likely to work. -ED]
2014-08-26 19:03:49 +02:00
parent 8707a070ba
commit a099ca4505
70 changed files with 4264 additions and 4121 deletions
@@ -0,0 +1,112 @@
+<section xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"
+        xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
+        xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude"
+        version="5.0"
+        xml:id="sec-option-definitions">
+
+<title>Option Definitions</title>
+
+<para>Option definitions are generally straight-forward bindings of values to option names, like
+
+<programlisting>
+config = {
+  services.httpd.enable = true;
+};
+</programlisting>
+
+However, sometimes you need to wrap an option definition or set of
+option definitions in a <emphasis>property</emphasis> to achieve
+certain effects:</para>
+
+<simplesect><title>Delaying Conditionals</title>
+
+<para>If a set of option definitions is conditional on the value of
+another option, you may need to use <varname>mkIf</varname>.
+Consider, for instance:
+
+<programlisting>
+config = if config.services.httpd.enable then {
+  environment.systemPackages = [ <replaceable>...</replaceable> ];
+  <replaceable>...</replaceable>
+} else {};
+</programlisting>
+
+This definition will cause Nix to fail with an “infinite recursion”
+error.  Why?  Because the value of
+<option>config.services.httpd.enable</option> depends on the value
+being constructed here.  After all, you could also write the clearly
+circular and contradictory:
+<programlisting>
+config = if config.services.httpd.enable then {
+  services.httpd.enable = false;
+} else {
+  services.httpd.enable = true;
+};
+</programlisting>
+
+The solution is to write:
+
+<programlisting>
+config = mkIf config.services.httpd.enable {
+  environment.systemPackages = [ <replaceable>...</replaceable> ];
+  <replaceable>...</replaceable>
+};
+</programlisting>
+
+The special function <varname>mkIf</varname> causes the evaluation of
+the conditional to be “pushed down” into the individual definitions,
+as if you had written:
+
+<programlisting>
+config = {
+  environment.systemPackages = if config.services.httpd.enable then [ <replaceable>...</replaceable> ] else [];
+  <replaceable>...</replaceable>
+};
+</programlisting>
+
+</para>
+
+</simplesect>
+
+<simplesect><title>Setting Priorities</title>
+
+<para>A module can override the definitions of an option in other
+modules by setting a <emphasis>priority</emphasis>.  All option
+definitions that do not have the lowest priority value are discarded.
+By default, option definitions have priority 1000.  You can specify an
+explicit priority by using <varname>mkOverride</varname>, e.g.
+
+<programlisting>
+services.openssh.enable = mkOverride 10 false;
+</programlisting>
+
+This definition causes all other definitions with priorities above 10
+to be discarded.  The function <varname>mkForce</varname> is
+equal to <varname>mkOverride 50</varname>.</para>
+
+</simplesect>
+
+<simplesect><title>Merging Configurations</title>
+
+<para>In conjunction with <literal>mkIf</literal>, it is sometimes
+useful for a module to return multiple sets of option definitions, to
+be merged together as if they were declared in separate modules.  This
+can be done using <varname>mkMerge</varname>:
+
+<programlisting>
+config = mkMerge
+  [ # Unconditional stuff.
+    { environment.systemPackages = [ <replaceable>...</replaceable> ];
+    }
+    # Conditional stuff.
+    (mkIf config.services.bla.enable {
+      environment.systemPackages = [ <replaceable>...</replaceable> ];
+    })
+  ];
+</programlisting>
+
+</para>
+
+</simplesect>
+
+</section>