nixos/initrd-ssh: switch from Dropbear to OpenSSH
Dropbear lags behind OpenSSH significantly in both support for modern key formats like `ssh-ed25519`, let alone the recently-introduced U2F/FIDO2-based `sk-ssh-ed25519@openssh.com` (as I found when I switched my `authorizedKeys` over to it and promptly locked myself out of my server's initrd SSH, breaking reboots), as well as security features like multiprocess isolation. Using the same SSH daemon for stage-1 and the main system ensures key formats will always remain compatible, as well as more conveniently allowing the sharing of configuration and host keys. The main reason to use Dropbear over OpenSSH would be initrd space concerns, but NixOS initrds are already large (17 MiB currently on my server), and the size difference between the two isn't huge (the test's initrd goes from 9.7 MiB to 12 MiB with this change). If the size is still a problem, then it would be easy to shrink sshd down to a few hundred kilobytes by using an initrd-specific build that uses musl and disables things like Kerberos support. This passes the test and works on my server, but more rigorous testing and review from people who use initrd SSH would be appreciated!
This commit is contained in:
Emily
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import ../make-test-python.nix ({ lib, ... }:
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{
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name = "initrd-network-ssh";
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meta = with lib.maintainers; {
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maintainers = [ willibutz ];
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maintainers = [ willibutz emily ];
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};
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nodes = with lib; {
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@@ -17,9 +17,9 @@ import ../make-test-python.nix ({ lib, ... }:
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enable = true;
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ssh = {
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enable = true;
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authorizedKeys = [ "${readFile ./openssh.pub}" ];
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authorizedKeys = [ (readFile ./id_ed25519.pub) ];
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port = 22;
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hostRSAKey = ./dropbear.priv;
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hostKeys = [ ./ssh_host_ed25519_key ];
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};
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};
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boot.initrd.preLVMCommands = ''
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@@ -42,11 +42,11 @@ import ../make-test-python.nix ({ lib, ... }:
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"${toString (head (splitString " " (
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toString (elemAt (splitString "\n" config.networking.extraHosts) 2)
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)))} "
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"${readFile ./dropbear.pub}"
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"${readFile ./ssh_host_ed25519_key.pub}"
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];
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};
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sshKey = {
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source = ./openssh.priv; # dont use this anywhere else
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source = ./id_ed25519;
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mode = "0600";
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};
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};
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@@ -56,7 +56,17 @@ import ../make-test-python.nix ({ lib, ... }:
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testScript = ''
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start_all()
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client.wait_for_unit("network.target")
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client.wait_until_succeeds("ping -c 1 server")
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def ssh_is_up(_) -> bool:
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status, _ = client.execute("nc -z server 22")
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return status == 0
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with client.nested("waiting for SSH server to come up"):
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retry(ssh_is_up)
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client.succeed(
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"ssh -i /etc/sshKey -o UserKnownHostsFile=/etc/knownHosts server 'touch /fnord'"
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)
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Binary file not shown.
@@ -1 +0,0 @@
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ssh-rsa AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAADAQABAAACAQCzJ0OniLB91MpPC86I1m3wwJeAc+Gme7bAuaLIU/cSfPwxT5NO7MfCp0Pu94gYDKtDXMs/wXg0bTAVDeAFFkdIj6kBBumEmQLCTL48q2UxDIXVLT/E/AAgj6q7WwgCg7fwm4Vjn4z7aUyBx8EfRy+5/SQyeYla3D/lFYgMi5x4D6J+yeR+JPAptDE/IR5IizNV7mY0ZcoXYyHrrehI1tTYEEqjX13ZqS4OCBFWwHe1QHhRNM+jHhcATbgikjAj8FyFPtLvc+dSVtkuhQktQl36Bi8zMUQcV6+mM7Ln6DBcDlM9urHKLYPTWmUAyhxM955iglOn5z0RaAIcyNMT6hz0rHaNf0BIlmbXoTC0XGjHh/OnoOEC/zg0JqgQTnPiU45K4TnRSSXp2GfiDfiQAK0+HaXACkjuFR68u7WCZpB1Bse1OgKNClFqtRhIr5DilUb2/e5DCCmFkddMUcjmYqzZdbXNt7fo8CFULe+mbiCp8+tMg4aRTaDZ/Hk93nCvGE5TP2ypEMbfL6nRVKvXOjhdvSQQgKwx+O003FDEHCSG0Bpageh7yVpna+SPrbGklce7MjTpbx3iIwmvKpQ6asnK1L3KkahpY1S3NhQ+/S3Gs8KWQ5LAU+d3xiPX3jfIVHsCIIyxHDbwcJvxM4MFBFQpqRMD6E+LoM9RHjl4C9k2iQ== tmtynkky@duuni
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@@ -1,12 +1,10 @@
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with import ../../.. {};
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runCommand "gen-keys" {
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buildInputs = [ dropbear openssh ];
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buildInputs = [ openssh ];
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}
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''
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mkdir $out
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dropbearkey -t rsa -f $out/dropbear.priv -s 4096 | sed -n 2p > $out/dropbear.pub
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ssh-keygen -q -t rsa -b 4096 -N "" -f client
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mv client $out/openssh.priv
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mv client.pub $out/openssh.pub
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ssh-keygen -q -t ed25519 -N "" -f $out/ssh_host_ed25519_key
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ssh-keygen -q -t ed25519 -N "" -f $out/id_ed25519
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''
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@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
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-----BEGIN OPENSSH PRIVATE KEY-----
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b3BlbnNzaC1rZXktdjEAAAAABG5vbmUAAAAEbm9uZQAAAAAAAAABAAAAMwAAAAtzc2gtZW
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QyNTUxOQAAACAVcX+32Yqig25RxRA8bel/f604wV0p/63um+Oku/3vfwAAAJi/AJZMvwCW
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TAAAAAtzc2gtZWQyNTUxOQAAACAVcX+32Yqig25RxRA8bel/f604wV0p/63um+Oku/3vfw
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AAAEAPLjQusjrB90Lk3996G3AbtTeK+XweNgxaegYnml/A/RVxf7fZiqKDblHFEDxt6X9/
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rTjBXSn/re6b46S7/e9/AAAAEG5peGJsZEBsb2NhbGhvc3QBAgMEBQ==
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-----END OPENSSH PRIVATE KEY-----
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@@ -0,0 +1 @@
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ssh-ed25519 AAAAC3NzaC1lZDI1NTE5AAAAIBVxf7fZiqKDblHFEDxt6X9/rTjBXSn/re6b46S7/e9/ nixbld@localhost
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@@ -1,51 +0,0 @@
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-----BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY-----
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MIIJKAIBAAKCAgEA7+9A2PCPOTAlFmrablrUWA+VZdAuLfM6JXeHsOF7ZbC2F6lv
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WmvDM925DQqhiAjcgWnt5WHWS5Y+b7lGnuzT7fyKegXd80nCRmqlpSG3srX0/lxR
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aQAJLzfoDjcsF+ceswQo6GSsYnCHVxMNs007gbbVY3f7o+sWZtLdxJPD2iHvl5Zr
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LK0d1RLMmU6cfIhIABlL0S8EWiv29RROepsCQnS0dnK2b+von1SCYoggvAMe2ToA
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IAJ8+uqaYfGAyn9q8fjZiRHxLmKDq90tKoCUL5r/2dmEIE+t8T/3PfHoq1QzZts9
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W9idhBdT21dEXBtGyoMtckp5njk5m82LQDYiOXkuSoIUhSOteh5g7fBv1BtVSERx
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Jg3UeJjPeGKFwdnzapmAKC2w/6V8xcIINNA+fhZA7B9fD1RAi2TECZ+gyMYDc4T+
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USlMSm9cfvSOrf2+5ngtFb84nHjqvClxCMLu+bCWK8HamqUzhE/a5LbR+48E7PyG
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s3KV+sWFN9KOnakTjj/6iQhXZRhgeAK39F2XTk5Ms5Y+BRSStnMoMZA2grIV+jHi
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1zbWokVqXPI5YRo5isR/PgtKAV6FfNWumcYoFJ9F40pMHQ6hJVEmtrCBx7EApSl3
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mSGbQJUmilLC51qNhwQRbD//ZtpIrN82HTMKzZ6kj7kDCdsff+wsnkIXmmMCAwEA
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AQKCAgA4tMINw6UF7hQF3VEsnbjr6xrzCiWv5HlMm5htPI1OdlpC81+G7ksfOfrf
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UzDkFrwOtftsqBfem268Nvyy2OQprfMIbdSMCFWrEM9/XJ2u1gRGDYmMGF8TUtI8
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cduw9oWx53zHl+uKBHBoKu+k/c7flFeQf63wisIroRCawhWau0SF/h3sXCndzuie
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Hw8q+4aQx2m80bDkotlmCNuXbIU3MZ/pEql9gDLlXTLHmMaryM0EqAmZhx0ErGe6
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WDqJIV4kPB0loSDwRoY6GzbugZ8ENUzcruTkQhCpIOYNNNw5idfwKkaxK1vm+SBv
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iYt1fVjYyfH2vhVKSNoNsaGEloa1u4Dymt/FpFztEpRzHXcw93N8BdLxJ4OUhzm2
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iAbpiyjniTIeAVVi7BUwLXh5WAx8nT0eeb1zKoZg1p1ciK5cYl1Uel7j8xRycsSW
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ciNTiBGCxKKo55eCWBhRPpXE2WUrf/hGPYsBMl2h6FfZMH1+M/N7B4tgdJmS+woU
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Ftws8lTjJEiwA6HFN1ZxrwLNjJobx9yPAoIBAE0igsBuWWn6rXeOPylYg4264XOq
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8gb94pte2n9amDgCzyCn8m6AL3snLC/AoCD19DK+gyK0ukoesXPa3iX6w2xv69ZC
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urDx36Jhd4zrJb4QsFPoeKfDP+UvNVZaS41vipRRzY/y11em15prUZ4U8FA/UT1Y
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1zLnaPAD44LZ/0Fjqj+PimQGT6K7CNXPllmYh7MvoU52g3SVPf6rHlIR0Nc=
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-----END RSA PRIVATE KEY-----
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@@ -1 +0,0 @@
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ssh-rsa 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 tmtynkky@duuni
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@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
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-----BEGIN OPENSSH PRIVATE KEY-----
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b3BlbnNzaC1rZXktdjEAAAAABG5vbmUAAAAEbm9uZQAAAAAAAAABAAAAMwAAAAtzc2gtZW
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QyNTUxOQAAACDP9Mz6qlxdQqA4omrgbOlVsxSGONCJstjW9zqquajlIAAAAJg0WGFGNFhh
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RgAAAAtzc2gtZWQyNTUxOQAAACDP9Mz6qlxdQqA4omrgbOlVsxSGONCJstjW9zqquajlIA
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AAAEA0Hjs7LfFPdTf3ThGx6GNKvX0ItgzgXs91Z3oGIaF6S8/0zPqqXF1CoDiiauBs6VWz
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FIY40Imy2Nb3Oqq5qOUgAAAAEG5peGJsZEBsb2NhbGhvc3QBAgMEBQ==
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-----END OPENSSH PRIVATE KEY-----
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@@ -0,0 +1 @@
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ssh-ed25519 AAAAC3NzaC1lZDI1NTE5AAAAIM/0zPqqXF1CoDiiauBs6VWzFIY40Imy2Nb3Oqq5qOUg nixbld@localhost
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