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6.9 KiB
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1 line
6.9 KiB
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+ Basic Explosives by Milamber +
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+ Part I: +
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+ How and Why +
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+-------------------------------------+
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+ Thanx to the following: +
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+ The Lich <- J.C. -> +
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+ The Gray Mouser Mr. Roshto +
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+ The Rebel +
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+ The Motor City Madman +
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+ And countless others....... +
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+-------------------------------------+
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+ An Underground Library File +
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+-------------------------------------+
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Many people believe that making explosives is a highly dangerous task. In
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truth, however, the modern explosives are not that dangerous to make. Note: I
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said Modern. Nitroglycerin not included! Making T.N.T. is a fairly safe
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procedure whereas making Nitro is a dangerous process that should be done
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very carefully. The Secondary explosives are hard to make, but are the safest.
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The Primary explosives are used to detonate the Secondary explosives, and are
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much more sensitive. These should be made with extreme caution. I suggest
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you raid your local college library on explosives, AND most definitely take
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ALL chemistry classes offered by your school, Honors classes, if at all
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possible. Understand, however, the production of explosives is not a game!
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How & Why Explosives Work
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-------------------------
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Explosives, are chemical (for the most part) substances that change SUDDENLY
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to hot gases when detonated in some manner. These gases expand with terrific
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force and exert pressure upon their surroundings. When ordinary gunpowder goes
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off in an enclosed space it increases the pressure within that space 6,000
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times! High explosives, such as dynamite, T.N.T. and Nitroglycerin are far
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more powerful. Mercury fulminate, one of the most violent high explosives, can
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develop a pressure of 200 tons per square inch!
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What causes this sudden release of gases? To understand this, we must
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understand that many liquids and solids are composed in whole or in part by
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gases. Water, for example, is composed of Hydrogen and Oxygen. Mercury
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fulminate is composed of of Mercury, Oxygen, Carbon and Nitrogen. Water is
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not explosive, while mercury fulminate is. This is because the hydrogen and
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oxygen are friendly to each other, they are linked by a strong chemical action
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and cannot be seperated without energy. [A reaction that requires energy is
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referred to as an endothermic reaction] Mercury fulminate, however, is an
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unstable compound, and its componets do not get along well together - they are
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constantly looking for an excuse to split. If struck or rubbed or pressed they
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fly apart very suddenly.
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Instead of the solid Mercury Fulminate we now have two gases - nitrogen and
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carbon monoxide - and mercury vapor. These gases now occupy vastly more space
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than before. It is this sudden and violent expansion which causes the
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explosion.
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From this knowledge, any substance which breaks up easily and suddenly,
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producing a large volume of gas, is an explosive. There are some, like
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Nitrogen Iodide that a fly could set it off. There are others that can be
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detonated by only, electricity, another explosive, fire, pressure, or some of
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these or all.
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Broadly speaking, explosives may be of two kinds, detonating (i.e. Mercury
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Fulminate) or rapid-burning (i.e. Gunpowder). In a rapid-burning explosive,
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a flame starts at one point, and spreads rapidly over the entire mass. A
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detonating explosive, however, breaks its chemical bonds almost all at the same
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time - which is MUCH more violent. Some explosives exhibit both of these
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qualities - TNT, when lit, is not a very powerful explosive, but in response to
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a blasting cap, becomes EXTREMELY violent.
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Explosives which are to be used for practical uses, cannot depend on the air
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for their supply of Oxygen. (Oxygen is required for combustion, remember?)
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This is why most explosives contain oxygen in some way. A few detonating
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explosives, such as Nitrogen Iodide, contain no oxygen, they rely on the heat
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generated by the break to cause the parts to expand.
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Nitrogen & its Significance
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Nitrogen is an unsocial element, and plays a key part to the forming of the
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unstable chemical bonds. It is usually introduced through the action of nitric
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acid, as a rule, mixed with sulphuric acid. Some compounds, containing
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Nitrogen already, may be mixed with
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other compounds to form an explosive. An example is Ammonium Iodide. This is
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a impure form of Nitrogen Iodide. The
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chemical equation is:
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NH OH + I ---> NH I + HI!+ H O!
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4 2 4 2
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A chemistry student will tell you that the equation is unbalanced- and it is,
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except for the critical parts- the iodine (I2) displaces the Hydroxide (OH) and
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forms the Ammonium Iodide(NH4I). This leaves an Iodine atom and a Hydrogen
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atom, which rapidly combine with the hydrogen in the air (HI!) and the Oxygen
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and the Hydrogen in the air (H2O). These two are given off as gases... The
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word equation for this is :
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Ammonium Hydroxide + Iodine Crystals yields Ammonium Iodide + Hydrous Iodide +
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Steam
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** Warning **
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The above is a VERY sensitive explosive and making more than a cubic centimeter
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at a time is not advised. It is about as powerful, for an cubic inch, as an
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M-80.
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Rules When Making Explosives:
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1. Make explosives in a dry, cool, quiet area that is free of disturbance.
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2. Always wear gloves and goggles.
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3. Treat all explosives like pressure sensitive H-Bombs, no matter what it is
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4. Use Common sense, and follow directions, unless the directions don't make
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sense, if they don't, do NOT make that explosive
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5. When detonating, it is preferable to use an electric detonator, to ensure
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control over the explosion
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6. Test explosives in an unpopulated area. And from a SAFE distance
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+-------------------------------------+
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+ That's all for now, Part II will +
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+ deal with the formation of simple +
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+ explosives. +
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+-------------------------------------+
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+ Call: +
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+ Arcadia (313)-565-2838 +
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+ The Hole in the Wall (313)-383-4996+
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+ Dark Alley Main (313)-386-5469 +
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+ Marble Madness (619)-353-0970 +
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+ Chessboard (313)-255-2456 +
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+ Dark Alley ][ (313)-271-1095 +
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+-------------------------------------+
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Disclaimer:
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-----------
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The authors of this file take no responsibilty whatsoever for any use this
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information is put to. It is intended for information and educational uses
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only!!!!
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--Milamber-
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<-J.C.->
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Mr. Roshto(Chem teacher)
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Addendum: Febuary 10,1987
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-------------------------
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I'm not sure about the last formula, it may actually be 2 parts Ammonium to 1
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part Iodine and it may form Hydrogen Peroxide(gas). In this case, you do not
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waste any Iodine, so I would try this one first.
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Downloaded from P-80 Systems.......
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