198 lines
9.6 KiB
Plaintext
198 lines
9.6 KiB
Plaintext
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_Current_Cites_
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Volume 2, no. 8
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August 1991
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Library Technology Watch Program
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University of California, Berkeley
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Edited by David F.W. Robison
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ISSN: 1060-2356
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Contributors:
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Teri Rinne, Vivienne Roumani, Lisa Rowlison, Mark Takaro, Roy Tennant
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Expert Systems
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Barletta, Ralph "An Introduction to Case-Based Reasoning" AI Expert
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6(8) (August 1991):42-49. Learning from experience and
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extrapolating this knowledge to guide us in new situations is a
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common use of our intelligence. In the continued effort to create
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machine intelligence, AI people have worked out a new technology
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called case-based reasoning (CBR). Using CBR, expert systems are
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able to learn from each individual case in order to solve new
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problems which may be similar but not identical to those previously
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met. This article gives a good introduction to CBR & compares it
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with the more common expert system problem solving schemes.
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Desmarais, Norman "Virtual, Interactive Literature" CD-ROM
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Librarian 6(6) (June 1991):18-20. Virtual reality (VR), that child of
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AI which is almost nonsensically described as, "artificial reality" is
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coming of age and may find its way into our lives. VR may be
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conceptualized as being similar to television, except VR is
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interactive, allowing the user to influence the environment (recall
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Woody Allen in The Purple Rose of Cairo?) This article describes the
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ways VR may find a niche in our entertainment by allowing us to
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visit museums, solve murder mysteries, travel to distant lands, etc.
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all from the comfort of our homes. Considering these possibilities
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it is interesting to imagine academic uses - perhaps in teaching
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history, social anthropology or even biochemistry.
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Keyguide to Information Sources in Artificial Intelligence/Expert
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Systems / Peter J. Hancox, et al. Lawrence, Kansas : Ergosyst
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Associates, Inc., 1990. This book is a cornucopia of AI research
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information. It offers an extensive annotated bibliography of key
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literature; listings of AI societies, publishers, and libraries; as well
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as an overview of the field's history, organization and research
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tools.
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Information Transfer
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Jackson, Mary E. The Online environment in the 1990s : A challenge
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for resource sharing. IOLS '90: Integrated Online Library Systems,
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Proceedings 1990, New York, May 2-3, 1989. Medford, NJ, Learned
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Information, 1990, p. 91-101. Jackson explains that whereas in the
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80s we were finding better, faster methods of sending requests for
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materials (mostly all electronically transmitted now), in the 90s we
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must find faster, better methods to transmit the actual documents.
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She describes Ariel, the RLG Document Transmission Workstation as
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one example.
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Hyper- and Multimedia
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"DVI Announcements at the Sixth Annual Microsoft Conference" CD-
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ROM Librarian 6(6) (June 1991):15-18. A quick look at new products
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ranging from a DVI (Digital Video Interactive) product that assists
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in instruction of British Sign Language to portable multimedia
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systems and more. DVI seems to be joining the future of multimedia
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with specific products such as those described here.
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Phillips, Richard L. "MediaView: A General Multimedia Digital
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Publication System" Communications of the ACM 34(7) (July
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1991):75-83. Designed in this first instance for the NeXT
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environment, MediaView pushes the boundaries of the possible a
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little further in the world of multimedia. In addition to taking full
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advantage of the NeXT capabilities with text, graphics, audio and
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motion video displays, MediaView permits communication between
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and editing of the various components of presentations from the
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NeXT desktop. This article introduces the reader to the NeXT
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environment in the context of a multimedia system, providing a
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fascinating glimpse of the future of computing and multimedia.
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Urr, Clifford. "Will the Real Hypertext Please Stand Up?" Computers
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in Libraries 11(5) (May 1991):46-49. A look at the philosophy and
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principles of hypertext that is meant to be helpful for the user
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interested in purchasing equipment or in deciding whether to explore
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hypertext for their own applications. An excellent article for
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library staff and users, describing issues surrounding indexing,
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classification structures and hypertext organization in a non-
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technical framework.
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Networks and Networking
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Grycz, Czeslaw Jan "Economic Models for Disseminating Scholarly
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Information" DLA Bulletin 11(1) (Summer 1991):1, 3-4, 24. Grycz
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describes the numerous ways electronic resources can be put to use
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in the academic environment as well as the economic aspects of
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such activity.
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Flanders, Bruce "NREN: The Big Issues aren't Technical" American
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Libraries 22(6) (June 1991):572-574. If you're already familiar
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with the NREN, skip to the last section of this article, where
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Flanders brings up the "big issues:" who will own the NREN? who will
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have access? how will privacy be protected? Flanders does not
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provide answers, but a focus for our questions.
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Flanders, Bruce "The WELL: Discourse in the Electronic Village"
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Computers in Libraries 11(5) (May 1991):26-28. If you've been
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hearing about the WELL, but you're not sure what it is, how to join or
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if to join (i.e.,become a "Wellian"), here's a good place to start. In a
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way, the WELL is an electronic conference and resource center. The
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WELL is home to the electronic Apple Library Users Group (ALUG),
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the Electronic Frontier Foundation (EFF), and interest groups of
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every kind.
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See below: Kriz, Harry M., et al. "An Environmental Approach to CD-
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ROM Networking Using Off-the-Shelf Components"
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Sproull, Lee. Connections : New Ways of Working in the Networked
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Organization / Lee Sproull, Sara Kiesler. Cambridge, Mass. : The MIT
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Press, 1991. This wide-ranging and insightful book is a must for
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anyone looking at the social and psychological implications of
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networking. With such index entries as: Access, Electronic groups,
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Performance control, Sexpert, and Social control, this is a must
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read.
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Optical Disc Technology
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Clark, Katie "Diskware" CD-ROM Professional 4(4) (July 1991):115-
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116. Clark outlines some of the important factors to consider in
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evaluating CD-ROMs versus online systems, including database
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content, software retrieval features, response time and indexing.
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Crane, Pamela "Multifunction Optical Offers Versatility" CD-ROM
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Professional 4(4) (July 1991):72-75. This article describes yet
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another new optical technology looming on the horizon--
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multifunction optical technology, a hybrid combination of rewritable
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and write-once capabilities. The author heralds this new technology
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as the "mass storage problem solver for the knowledge management
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needs of the coming years."
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Kriz, Harry M., et al. "An Environmental Approach to CD-ROM
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Networking Using Off-the-Shelf Components" CD-ROM Professional
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4(4) (July 1991):24-26. This article describes Virginia Tech's new
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CD-ROM LAN system which provides access to both on-campus users
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and branch libraries over 200 miles away--all for under $19,000.
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"Something to Remember Us By: The American Memory Program"
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College & Research Libraries News 52(6) (June 1991):375-376. The
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American Memory Program is an ambitious project to provide
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nationwide access to the collections of the Library of Congress.
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This article describes the project and a prototype slated for testing
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at 30 libraries during the second half of 1991. Collections in various
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formats including photographs, graphic arts, motion pictures,
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recorded sound, music, broadsides, manuscripts, books, and
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pamphlets, will be placed on compact discs and videodiscs, and will
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eventually be available online as well.
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General and News Bits
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Dillon, Andrew "New Technology and the Reading Process: with
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Electronic Journals, How They Look is as Important as What They
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Say" Computers in Libraries 11(6) (June 1991):23-26.
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Ovens, Cora S.H. "Computer Literacy and Libraries" Electronic Library
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9(2) (April 1991):85-88. Mere rote usage of a computer does not
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qualify as computer literacy, but for many the anxiety associated
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with learning about computers is a stumbling block toward becoming
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literate. This article talks about the problems facing computer
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literacy and discusses a few basic solutions. One interesting point
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made is that age, gender and educational attainment have no relation
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to the possible degrees of computer anxiety. And, as might be
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expected, patient and thorough training is the most effective
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solution to the problem.
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"Writable CD-ROM Systems--Where will They Fit in the Digital
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Storage/publishing Hierarchy?" CD-ROM Librarian 6(6) (June
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1991):32-34.
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-------------------------------------------------------------------
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Current Cites 2(8)(August 1991) ISSN: 1060-2356
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Copyright (C) 1992 by the Library, University of
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California, Berkeley. All rights reserved.
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Copying is permitted for noncommercial use by computerized
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bulletin board/conference systems, individual scholars, and
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libraries. Libraries are authorized to add the journal to their
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collections at no cost. This message must appear on copied
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material. All commercial use requires permission from the editor,
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who may be reached in the following ways:
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drobison@library.berkeley.edu // drobison@ucblibra // (510)642-7600
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