489 lines
25 KiB
Plaintext
489 lines
25 KiB
Plaintext
_Current_Cites_
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Volume 4, no. 5
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May 1993
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Information Systems Instruction & Support
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The Library
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University of California, Berkeley
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Edited by David F. W. Robison
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ISSN: 1060-2356
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Contributors:
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Teri Rinne, Vivienne Roumani-Denn, Lisa Rowlison, Mark Takaro, Roy Tennant
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--------------------------------------------------------------------
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Special Note: Back issues of Current Cites are now available
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from our own ftp server! The server is located at
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ftp.lib.berkeley.edu and the issues are in directory
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/pub/Current.Cites. The issues stored at this site should
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be considered the definitive archive of Current Cites. Back
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issues will also be maintained at ftp.eff.org and ftp.cni.org.
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Thanks are definitely due for these folks! - DR
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Hyper- and Multimedia
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Adie, Chris, ed. A Survey of Distributed Multimedia Research,
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Standards and Products. 1st ed. Amsterdam: RARE, January 25,
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1993. Available via anonymous ftp from edinburgh.ac.uk in
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directory /pub/mmsurvey and via Gopher. A comprehensive survey
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of multimedia projects from the RARE (Reseaux Associes pour la
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Recherche Europeenne) Working Group on Multimedia Networking
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that presents a summary of work being carried out by a variety of
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organizations. Highlighting current multimedia work and with an
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emphasis on network applications, this highly structured document
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offers a brief but thorough view of the range of activities in
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the field, both in the United States and abroad. - MT
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Adie, Chris. Remote Access to Multimedia Information. 1st draft.
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Amsterdam: RARE, April 30, 1993. Available via anonymous ftp
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from UCS.ed.ac.uk in directory /pub/mmaccess. Providing a
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broader context for the survey cited above, the author discusses
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user requirements and possible solutions to issues in the areas
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where networked information, database, and multimedia
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technologies intersect. While only a draft at present, the
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finished portions of this paper give a detailed look at
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protocols, resource structures, and other requirements to enhance
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a readers perspective on the projects surveyed in the paper
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above. - MT
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Information Transfer
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Jensen, Mary Brandt. "Electronic Reserve and Copyright" Computers
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in Libraries 13(3) (March 1993):40-45. A discussion of the
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applicability of the copyright code to reserve readings that have
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been scanned and made available to patrons in electronic form.
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Although the article is not for the legal faint of heart, any
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library that contemplates such a reserve reading project would do
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well to study the legal implications of the copyright code as
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delineated in this article. - RT
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Tuck, Bill. "Approaches to Document Delivery" Electronic
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Documents 1(12) (December 1992):12-16. Tuck describes a model of
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integrated electronic document delivery over international
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computer networks, and briefly describes representative projects
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in Britain, the US, France, and Japan. Sidebars depict the
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integrated document delivery model and describe the X.400
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electronic messaging standard. - RT
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Networks and Networking
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Blau, Andrew. "Congressman Boucher Introduces NREN Applications
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Bill--Offers Greatly Expanded Vision of Applications Program for
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Widespread Social Benefit" EFFector Online 5(7) (April 30, 1993).
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Blau offers a section-by-section analysis of the successor bill
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to NREN II, formally titled, the "High Performance Computing and
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High Speed Networking Applications Act of 1993." Overall Blau
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views this bill as a major step forward, focusing attention and
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dollars on user applications along with greater participation
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in the planning and implementation process by various user
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groups: K-12, libraries, and community groups. There is some
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concern that the bill's pledge to establish broadband connections
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to the broad base of users may slow down the implementation of
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any connection to some of these groups. This bill looks good,
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and Blau's analysis helps in sorting out the details. - DR
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Broad, William J. "Doing Science on the Network: A Long Way
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From Gutenberg" The New York Times 142(49,335) (May 18, 1993):B5,
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10 [Western Edition]. Broad offers an interesting and accurate
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description of the way the use of the Internet is transforming
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scientific research. Broad describes how scientists are
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increasingly using the net to share data, exchange e-mail, and
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publish papers and preprints. Especially attractive is the fact
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that this article covers a wide variety of network ingissues
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without missing the details. - DR
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Dern, Daniel P. "Leveraging the Internet: Counterpoint Uses
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Popular Internet Gopher, WAIS, and Internet Navigator/Search
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Tools for Value-Added Delivery and Access to Daily U.S.
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Government Federal Register, Commerce Business Daily
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Information" Internet World 4(3) (April 1993):4-5. Dern
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describes one of the few commercial services to appear on the
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net that actually uses the network to add value to its product.
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Using data created by the federal government, Counterpoint
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Publishing has begun publishing the Federal Register and Commerce
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Business Daily using a number of Internet tools. The combination
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of speed of access, ease of access, and world-wide availability
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makes this service especially attractive to many customers. - DR
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EARN Association. Guide to Network Resource Tools. May 3, 1993.
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Available via e-mail from LISTSERV@EARNCC.BITNET by sending the
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command "GET filename", where the filename is either NETTOOLS PS
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[for PostScript] or NETTOOLS MEMO [for plain text]. EARN, the
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European networking agency, has compiled an excellent manual
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describing network resource tools. Each tool is described in
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detail in terms of what it is, who can use it, and how it is
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used. The instructions are clear, and the list of commands for
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each system is really helpful. It would be nice to see a few
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more examples of some of the commands and parameters, but on the
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whole, this is an excellent document. The tools covered are:
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Gopher, World-Wide Web, WAIS, ASTRA, archie, WHOIS, NETSERV,
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TRICKLE, BITFTP (e-mail-based ftp), and NetNews. - DR
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EFFector Online 5(8) (May 14, 1993). This issue of the
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Electronic Frontier Foundation's newsletter is devoted to recent
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discussions of the Clipper Chip digital encryption proposal.
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Included are copies of a letter and a sample of the over 100
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questions sent to President Clinton about the proposal from the
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Digital Privacy and Security Working Group (major computer
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companies, the EFF, CPSR, and ACLU), excerpts from the testimony
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of Whitfield Diffie, the father of American cryptography, before
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the House Subcommittee on Science, and a request for public
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comment on the proposal by the National Institute of St
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andards and Technology. - DR
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Foster, Jill. "IETF - Columbus: Mar 29-Apr 2, 1993: Trip Report"
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posted on NETTRAIN@UBVM.BITNET (May 7, 1993) [also available via
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e-mail from Mailbase@mailbase.ac.uk by sending the following
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message "send wg-isus ietf.03.93" or via anonymous ftp from
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mailbase.ac.uk as file pub/wg-isus/ietf.03.93]. Foster provides
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a detailed report on the last Internet Engineering Task Force
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Meeting which covered such areas as: IP name space problems,
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description of network resources, URIs (Uniform Resource
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Identifiers)/URLs (Uniform Resource Locators)/URNs (Uniform
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Resource Numbers)/ URCs (Uniform Resource Citations), WHOIS++,
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the integration of Internet information resources (resource
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discovery, resource location, resource access, and resource
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management), InterNICs, WWW (World-Wide Web), Networked
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Information Services Infrastructure Working Group (WG), the next
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IETF meeting in Amsterdam in July, Networked Information
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Retrieval Working Group, Gopher, Privacy Enhanced Mail (for non-
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US citizens), Internet Talk Radio, Internet Training Materials
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WG. - DR
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Gibbons, John H. "J. H. Gibbons Testimony on Information
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Infrastructure" Posted on Clinton-News-Distribution@
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campaign92.org (April 27, 1993). Gibbons, the Director of the
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Office of Science and Technology Policy, offers testimony
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(excerpted here) in support of the High Performance Computing
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and High Speed Networking Applications Act of 1993 (HR1757), to
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the House committee on Science, Space, and Technology. This
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testimony goes over in quite a bit of detail the current state
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of government efforts in high-performance computing, as well as
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the Clinton-Gore administration's position. Gibbons notes with
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satisfaction that this latest bill places "additional emphasis
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on the development of applications technology for manufacturing,
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health care, education, libraries, and other sectors of the
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economy. It also authorizes additional Federal funding for
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connecting schools and non-profit organizations to high-speed
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networks." - DR
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"Initial EFF Analysis of Clinton Privacy and Security Proposal"
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EFFector Online 5(6) (April 16, 1993). The Electronic Frontier
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Foundation outlines three areas of concern over the recently
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announced Clipper Chip proposal for an encryption standard.
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First is that there has been no public discussion or comment on
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the proposal before the decision was made; second, the algorithm
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has not undergone rigorous testing in the open, unclassified
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arena and may have a hidden back door; the constitutional and
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other legal ramifications of the split-key, dual escrowed system
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have not been fully explained or explored. - DR
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Internet World 4(3) (April 1993). Special section on the Internet
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in Britain. The focus of this issue is the British perspective
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on internetworking: a general overview, commercial, and academic
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services.
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o Dern, Daniel P. "PIPEX: Commercial Internet Service in
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the United Kingdom," pp. 12-14. The founders of PIPEX describe,
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in an interview, their experience with the start up of a
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commercial Internet service provider in the UK. Providing full
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Internet service and network consulting services, they have
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experienced unparalleled growth since their start and expect to
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stay competitive by maintaining leading edge technology and
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standards compliance.
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o Ingram, Darren P. "An Overview of Internet Services in
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the United Kingdom," pp. 9-11. While Internet service in the
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UK is not nearly as well developed as it is in the US, there are
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signs of real progress. And even now, service in Britain is so
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superior to that of the Continent, that many users there dial up
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to British providers for their Internet access! Included is a
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sidebar listing both service providers and contact information.
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o Stone, Peter. "A Library-Oriented Overview of JANET," pp.
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14-16. Stone offers an overview of the history and development
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of the Joint Academic Network which has connected institutions of
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higher learning to each other and to the Internet. Also included
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is a list of some of the services available via JANET. - DR
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Kambitsch, Tim, et al. "Trip Notes From Internet Gopher 93
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Conference" posted in two parts on PACS-L@UHUPVM1.BITNET (April
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13, 1993). Kambitsch and other participants in the recent Gopher
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Conference at the University of Minnesota describe the
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proceedings. Topics included: the growth of Gopher, Gopher+
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development, Gopher clients on various platforms, Veronica,
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subject-oriented Gophers, the issue of sensible organization of
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data on a Gopher, and the use of back-end databases with Gopher.
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- DR
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Kessler, Jack. "Baby Bell Libraries? An Update" CD-ROM
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Professional 6(2) (March 1993):26-29. Kessler poses the
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networked information question of 1993 as "not so much whether,
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or when, but precisely how the Baby Bell giants [RBOCs] will
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become involved in information and, yes, in library work."
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Kessler invisions a three-tier structure of the Baby Bells,
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network nodes, and information marketers (ideally including
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librarians) to assume responsibility for implementing the new
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national network. Oddly, though, Kessler does not mention either
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long distance carriers nor ISDN services. The need for
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interaction between each of the tiers is emphasized. - TR
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Lagan, Bernard and Anne Davies. "New Digital Phones on Line
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Despite Objections" Sydney Morning Herald (April 28, 1993)
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[as posted on CPSR@GWUVM.BITNET]. Lagan and Davies report that
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the Australian Federal government has decided to allow two phone
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companies to market very secure digital cellular phones. This
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comes over the objections of law enforcement officials [the same
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objections the FBI and NSA have in the US] who want access to the
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data. With the new system, it could take two years to complete a
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"wire" tap. The Government made this move to avoid crippling the
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digital cellular industry. - DR
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Levy, Steven. "Crypto Rebels" Wired 1(2) (May/June 1993):54- 61.
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Levy describes a meeting of cypherpunks, those who write
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cryptographic code as freeware for the purpose of protecting the
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privacy communications. There are other players in the
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cryptography game, the NSA, the FBI, RSA Data Security, the
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company that has patented public-key cryptography, and Pretty
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Good Privacy, a freeware company that has distributed a public-
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key program on the network. Levy covers the interrelationships
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between these parties and the history of cryptography in the US.
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- DR
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Malamud, Carl. "Internet Talk Radio" ConneXions 7(3) (March
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1993):28-31. Malamud describes his pioneering Internet sound
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file "radio" program that began appearing on the net as a
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monthly program in April. The sound file is playable on a
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number of platforms (a conversion utility may be required) and
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consists of half-hour programs (15 MB of data) with conference
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presentations, interviews, speeches, and essays. The flagship
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segment is the Geek of the Week series comprised of interviews
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with network techies. The file will be available via anonymous
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ftp and broadcast on some networks. Listen for more info on this
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new development in network news. - DR
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Marks, Kenneth and Steven Nielsen "The Networked Local Library:
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Developing the Vision Thing" CWIS Campus-Wide Information Systems
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10(2) (March/April 1993):26-31. Using the occasion of the
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implementation of a locally-networked library (i.e. client-server
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computing within the organization as well as access to the
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Internet), Marks and Nielsen describe their vision of the library
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of the future. While not far fetched, this vision is quite
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interesting, and takes into consideration the development of,
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among other things, multimedia resources, wireless networks, and
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the notion of one stop shopping in an effort to be client/patron
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friendly. - DR
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Mulliner, Kent. "Southeast Asia Collections and Resources on the
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Internet" originally appeared in CORMOSEA Bulletin 21(2)
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(December 1992):1-5, version 2.51 (April 13, 1993) available by
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sending the following message to LISTSERV@MSU.BITNET, "GET
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MULLINER CORMOSEA". Mulliner provides an interesting list of
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networked resources in the area of South Asian studies. Included
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are library catalogs, a Singaporean Gopher, and other resources.
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There is a brief introduction to networked services, as well as a
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helpful glossary of some networking and computer terms. - DR
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"NREN Applications Bill Summarized" ALAWON 2(18) (May 10, 1993).
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Available from the list server LISTSERV@UICVM.BITNET (send the
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message "send ala-wo filelist" to the LISTSERV). The latest NREN
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legislation (HR 1757, introduced by Rick Boucher and strongly
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endorsed by the Electronic Frontier Foundation), authorizes,
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among other things, appropriations for a number of applications:
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Internet connections and training for the education, library, and
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state and local government communities; test-bed projects for new
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technologies; and government document depositories and a federal
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information locator system. - DR
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Saffo, Paul. "Hot New Medium: Text" Wired 1(2) (May/June 1993):
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48. Saffo says that new technologies are not making text
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obsolete, but rather freeing the medium from the paper ball and
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chain. The ease of publishing in the electronic medium means
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that more people than ever are forging ahead and publishing on
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the net. For those concerned that images might replace text,
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Saffo offers a palliative: as images become manipulable through
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multi-media technologies, "Text will emerge as a primary
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indicator of trustworthiness...." - DR
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Sobel, David L. "New NIST/NSA Revelations" posted on CPSR@
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GWUVM.BITNET (May 6, 1993). Documents released, though heavily
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censored, through a Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) request by
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the Computer Professionals for Social Responsibility indicate the
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government's digital signature standard (DSS) was designed by the
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National Security Agency (NSA), rather than the National
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Institute for Standards Technology as directed by Congress. The
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main concern is that the NSA's involvement is the reason that DSS
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was chosen over RSA (see Levy above) because is it less secure
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and that the same is true for the Clipper Chip proposal. [CPSR
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has filed a brief in an FOIA lawsuit in federal court on this
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subject, the text of which is available for anonymous ftp at
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cpsr.org, filename cpsr/crypto/dss.brief.5.93.txt.] - DR
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Wilson Library Bulletin 67(7) (March 1993). Section on the
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Z39.50 information search and retrieval protocol.
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o Anderson, Eric. "Concerning Bibliographic Sincerity," pp.
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46-48. While Anderson focuses on bibliographic standards here,
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his argument is relevant to the standards issue at large: simpler
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standards will be more wide-spread, and therefore more useful.
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Information professionals should not forget that standards are
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created for their own sake, but to be used.
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o Harris, Patricia. "The Standards Matrix: Developers,
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Users, Vendors: Introduction," pp. 33-34, 117. Harris provides
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an introduction to both the standard and the articles that follow
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in the section.
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o Lynch, Clifford. "Interoperability: The Standards
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Challenge for the 1990s," pp. 38-42. Lynch takes a step back
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and looks at networking and information standards from the
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broader perspective, and reminds us that, "standards are not the
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goals, but rather are the tools for interoperability among
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systems." Lynch also describes the ways that standards become
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standards, and how international standards (like OSI-see below)
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tend to fail as tools by their very diplomatic nature, whereas
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the de facto standards (like TCP/IP) end up being much more
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useful. In the end, Lynch asks that we make pragmatic decisions
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based on true, demonstrable interoperability rather than
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"politically or philosophically correct" notions of such.
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o McCallum, Sally. "Information Technology Standards:
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Implementation, Maintenance, and Coordination," pp. 43-45, 117-
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118. Using the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) protocol as a
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model, McCallum describes the "principle stages and the
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activities necessary in each stage to keep technical standards
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useful." One of the more salient conclusions McCallum arrives at
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is that, "Applications standards should be developed and managed
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by application-oriented technicians."
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o Michael, James. "Developing a Standard Vision," pp. 35-
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37, 117. Michael, Corporate Director for Standards at Data
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Research Associates, argues that, "Librarians should...understand
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the social and technological factors that have led to the need
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for these [information retrieval] standards." To force standards
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development forward, librarians and vendors must work together.
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- DR
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Optical Disc Technologies
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Bovenlander, J. H., et al. "CD Net on Ethernet Using Novell
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Netware 3.10: The Experiences of Erasmus University Rotterdam"
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CD-ROM Professional 6(2) (March 1993):30-35. This article
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provides an overview of a LAN configuration which allows for
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wide-area access via a campus ethernet-based network. Problems
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encountered and described include multiple microcomputer
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platforms, memory limitations, device drivers, Microsoft CD-ROM
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Extensions (MSCDEX) limitations, and the inability to access the
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CD-ROM server directly from UNIX systems. Future plans include
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remote dial-in access to the CD-ROMs. - TR
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Bruce, Bob. "Walnut Creek CD-ROM's Bob Bruce Answers Internet
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Readers' Questions on CD-ROM" CD-ROM Professional 6(2) (March
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1993):136-141. This month's Q & A column features guest
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columnist Bruce answering "frequently asked questions" (FAQ)
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about CD-ROM technology from the alt.cdrom Usenet newsgroup.
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Here is a sampling of the wide range of questions included: "Is
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it important to have a fast CD-ROM drive?" "Where can I get the
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latest version of MSCDEX?" "What is CD-I, CD-ROM XA?" "What are
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Rock Ridge extensions?" "Which CD-ROM drives will work with
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Microsoft Windows NT?" "How do I put a CD-ROM drive on a Novell
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network?" - TR
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Clark, Katie. "CD-ROM Retrieval Software: The Year 1992 in
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Review" CD-ROM Professional 6(2) (March 1993):130-132. Clark
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outlines trends and changes with CD-ROM retrieval software.
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Recent software releases by CD Plus, Compact Cambridge,
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SilverPlatter, and UMI are highlighted. Clark also explores the
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merits and drawbacks of graphical user interface development for
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CD-ROMs and discusses attempts being made to develop a standard
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user interface utilizing a client/server protocol. - TR
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Dataware Technologies, Inc. "CD-R: The Next Stage in CD-ROM
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Evolution" CD-ROM Professional 6(2) (March 1993):79-83. This
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excerpt of a white paper on CD-R (recordable CDs) prepared by
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Dataware Technologies begins by outlining the advantages of
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CD-ROM technology before introducing CD-R as an enabling
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technology. The remainder of the article explains CD-R
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technology and reviews application development costs and
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staffing needs. - TR
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Desmarais, Norman. "CD-ROM Market Study" CD-ROM World 8(4) (May
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1993):59-61. Desmarais presents the results of UMI's annual
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market survey of the CD-ROM industry. Key findings of the study
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include: database licensing or tape leasing will increase nearly
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threefold in academic research libraries (ARLs) between 1991 and
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1994; while less than a third of ARLs had networks in place in
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1991, almost all expect to by 1994; use of CD-ROM products
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within academic and public libraries is extremely high, ranging
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from a minimum of 69% in public libraries to 99% in academic
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libraries. - TR
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Desmarais, Norman. "Compton's NewMedia Introduces Multiple
|
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Operation System Technology (MOST)" CD-ROM World 8(4) (May 1993):
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54-57. Desmarais describes the Compton's NewMedia development
|
|
called Multiple Operation System Technology (MOST). MOST was
|
|
designed to eliminate one of the major obstacles preventing
|
|
widespread acceptance of CD-ROM-based software--incompatibility
|
|
of formats on a variety of hardware platforms. MOST will allow
|
|
the same CD-ROM disc to operate on a variety of platforms
|
|
including DOS, Windows, Macintosh, and Sony's new multimedia
|
|
player format, MMCD. - TR
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Marks, Kenneth E. and Steven P. Nielsen. "LANs: A Moving
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Experience" Computers in Libraries 13(4) (April 1993):19-21.
|
|
Marks and Nielsen describe the agony and the esctasy of moving
|
|
from an original CD-ROM LAN server to a new and improved server
|
|
configuration, offering many tips and suggestions along the way.
|
|
- TR
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Martin, Mike. "Compact Disc Media Evaluation: What We Now Know
|
|
About Disc Quality" CD-ROM Professional 6(2) (March 1993):74-77.
|
|
Martin reviews the various government and industry tests of CD-
|
|
ROM longevity. Contrary to published reports, the article
|
|
concludes, CD-ROM is probably the most durable and long-lived
|
|
media in existence today. The real job, according to Martin, is
|
|
making sure that the data we put on the plastic discs is well-
|
|
documented and worthy of transfer to future generations. - TR
|
|
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|
Richman, Barry. "Online or OnDisc: When to Choose CD-ROM for Your
|
|
Database" CD-ROM Professional 6(2) (March 1993):53-54. Dialog's
|
|
Richman discusses the issues considered by his company in
|
|
determining whether an online database should be offered in
|
|
CD-ROM. Although this article is targeted toward publishers, it
|
|
holds value for the information professional as well. In
|
|
addition to a list of the trade-offs between the online and
|
|
CD-ROM media, Richman also offers a personal checklist used when
|
|
reviewing potential CD-ROM projects. - TR
|
|
|
|
Skjoerestad, Lars-K. "A Beginner's Experience with CD-ROM
|
|
Networking" CD-ROM Professional 6(2) (March 1993):118-121.
|
|
Another agony and ecstacy experience (this time from Norway) in
|
|
installing a CD-ROM local area network, utilizing an OPTI-NET
|
|
server. Problems and solutions encountered during the process
|
|
are featured. - TR
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-------------------------------------------------------------------
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Current Cites 4(5) (May 1993) ISSN: 1060-2356
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Copyright (C) 1993 by the Library, University of
|
|
California, Berkeley. All rights reserved.
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|
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|
All product names are trademarks or registered trademarks of
|
|
their respective holders. Mention of a product in this publication
|
|
does not necessarily imply endorsement of the product.
|
|
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Copying is permitted for noncommercial use by computerized
|
|
bulletin board/conference systems, individual scholars, and
|
|
libraries. Libraries are authorized to add the journal to their
|
|
collections at no cost. An archive site is maintained at
|
|
ftp.lib.berkeley.edu in directory /pub/Current.Cites. This message
|
|
must appear on copied material. All commercial use requires
|
|
permission from the editor, who may be reached in the following
|
|
ways:
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drobison@library.berkeley.edu // drobison@ucblibra // (510)643-9494
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