305 lines
15 KiB
Plaintext
305 lines
15 KiB
Plaintext
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_Current Cites_
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Volume 7, no. 4
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April 1996
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The Library
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University of California, Berkeley
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Edited by Teri Andrews Rinne
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ISSN: 1060-2356
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http://sunsite.berkeley.edu/CurrentCites/1996/cc96.7.4.html
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Contributors:
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Campbell Crabtree, John Ober, Margaret Phillips,
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David Rez, Richard Rinehart, Teri Rinne, Roy Tennant
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Electronic Publishing
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Arms, Caroline. "Historical Collections for the National
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Digital Library: Lessons and Challenges at the Library of
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Congress" D-Lib Magazine (April 1996)
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[http://www.dlib.org/dlib/april96/loc/04c-arms.html] -- The
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Library of Congress is embarked on a massive digitization
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program to make much of the cultural heritage of the United
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States available to its citizens through computer networks
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(and thus to the world as well). Arms outlines the program
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and provides background information, but the real meat of
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this piece is the "lessons learned and challenges posed,"
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of which this article is part one. Anyone involved with
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digitizing projects, or who wishes to be, will find this
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article fascinating and revealing reading. -- RT
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Peek, Robin P. and Gregory B. Newby, editors. _Scholarly
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Publishing: The Electronic Frontier_ Cambridge,
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Massachusetts: The MIT Press, 1996. ISBN: 0-262-16157-5.
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-- If academia is your major home or haunt and if you have
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more than a passing interest in the issue of electronic
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publishing, run -- don't walk -- to your nearest library
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(or independent bookseller) and check out what is probably
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THE definitive treatise on the topic. This is a collection
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of 19 papers that deals specifically with the future of
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electronic publishing and its impact on the academic world.
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Editors Newby and Peek assert that as publishing moves from
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a print-based paradigm to an electronic one, the very nature
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of scholarly communication is being challenged in ways that
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it has never been before. The book is divided into two parts.
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The first part "The Impact of Electronic Publishing on
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Scholarly Life" includes an article by Robert Silverman that
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discusses the effects of electronic publishing on the producers
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of academic knowledge and the need for academic performance
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and evaluation procedures to respond to the changing nature of
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scholarly communication. Also in the first part of this book,
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Stevan Harnad writes about peer review and scientific quality
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control in scholarly electronic journals. The second part of
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the book "The New Challenges" introduces some of the issues
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that are unique to the realm of electronic publishing (or at
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least not as common in the print world). Lisa Freeman
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discusses the role that university presses should continue to
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play within electronic publishing; L.W. Hurtado argues for an
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academically-based consortium that would create standards for
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refereed electronic journals; Brian Kahin tackles perennial
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legal issues associated with electronic publishing especially
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copyright. Other biggies who have contributed chapters to this
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book are such familiar names as Clifford Lynch, Ann Okerson,
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David Rothman and Ira Fuchs. -- MP
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SGML Open Staff. "SGML in Education: The TEI and ICADD
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Initiatives" Computers in Libraries 16(3) (March 1996):
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26-28. -- SGML Open [http://www.sgmlopen.org] is a
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consortium dedicated to promoting the use of SGML, an
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ISO standard for data encoding that enables value-added,
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reusable, platform-independent documents. This article,
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highlights two international efforts which are using SGML.
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TEI (Text Encoding Initiative) provides guidelines for
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encoding literary and historical texts. The TEI guidelines
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are meant to be flexible and scalable, able to accommodate
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any body of text and delimit salient features with markup,
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adding intelligence and meaning. ICADD (International
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Committee for Accessible Document Design) focuses on making
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textbooks available in formats such as Braille, large print
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and voice synthesis. SGML encoding not only provides
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structured access to documents that could otherwise be
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unavailable, but also makes that access more democratic.
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-- CJC
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Multimedia and Hypermedia
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Glaser, Mark. "Video Crawls onto the Internet" New Media 6(5)
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(April 1, 1996): 36-38 [http://www.hyperstand.com/]. -- The
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most important topic of this article is not really the new
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video software discussed, but rather another emerging standard
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for delivering multimedia across the Internet: RTP (or Realtime
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Transport Protocol). Several software vendors offer their wares
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and agree to work together to use this industry-driven proposed
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standard. Whether a standards-based approach in this arena will
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work is unknown, but given the perceived market hunger for
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real-time moving image content on the Internet and thus pressure
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to be first, the effort is admirable as well as sensible. -- RR
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Wilcox, Sue. "VRML 2.0 Takes Flight" New Media 6(5) (April 1,
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1996): 19, 28 [http://www.hyperstand.com/]. -- VRML, or
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Virtual Reality Markup Language, is an emerging standard for
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describing 3-D spaces and objects that can be rendered by
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VRML-capable software, including some WWW browsers. VRML, an
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area of confluence between the twin rivers of 3-D multimedia
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and the WWW, has naturally attracted a number of industry
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players from SGI, Sony, IBM, Microsoft, Netscape, and Apple
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to formalize the next incarnation of the standard, VRML 2.0.
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Differences between 1.0 and 2.0 are improved texture-mapping,
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dynamic object-behavior, links to outside scripts and
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multimedia (sound, movies), and a greatly increased range of
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software supporting VRML. Other differences include the
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capability for end-user interaction in VRML worlds via
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"avatars" (graphic equivalents of screen names), and storage
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of worlds in small OpenFlight databases. This last improvement
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requires storing the VRML info in a binary file instead of a
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standard SGML text file, and thus veers away from being a true
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hardware and software-independent standard. Therefore it may
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be an accepted extension, but not part of the formal standard.
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-- RR
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Zimmermann, Kim Ann. "Imaging Helps Government Serve the
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People" Imaging Magazine [issn: 1083-2912] 5(4) (April 1996):
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72-82. -- This article not only gives justification for use
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of imaging in government as a labor and capital-saving
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technology, but also provides detailed examples from the EPA,
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DOD, and two county and city government offices. The other
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aspect is, of course, the implicit case for improved service
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to the people; however, this cuts two ways, by improving
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government surveillance as well as freedom of information
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goals. Although this article is about the technology and does
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not explicitly delve into the social implications, it is
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useful in any case. -- RR
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Karpinski, Richard. "Easy Audio on the World Wide Web"
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Communications Week (Interactive Age supplement) [issn:
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0746-8121] no. 606 (April 15, 1996): IA3, IA5. -- This is
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a fairly detailed introduction to three software packages
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available for authoring audio for use on the Web; most do
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so in real time, and better yet, inexpensively. Some of
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these solutions do not require a separate audio server
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software component, just the authoring and converting
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package and a WWW server. The sidebar gives a brief
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introduction to audio file formats and other technical
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details. A detail not mentioned in the article is that at
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least one of the applications mentioned, ToolVox, will
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probably use the proposed real-time transfer standard (RTP)
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since it is from a vendor acquired by Netscape as part of
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its LiveMedia solution, which uses RTP. -- RR
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Networks and Networking
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Balas, Janet. "Beyond Veronica and Yahoo!: More Internet
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Search Tools" Computers in Libraries 16(3) (March 1996):
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34-38. -- While no search tool can find everything, often,
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the more of them you try, the more information you find.
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This article mentions some useful tools for finding what you
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need on the Internet. Resources include sites for finding
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Internet Service Providers (The List - http://thelist.com),
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email addresses (Four11 - http://www.Four11.com), newsgroups
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(InterLink - http://www.nova.edu/Inter-Links/usenet.html) and
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mailing lists (List of Lists - http://catalog.com/vivian/
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interest-group-search.html, TILE.NET - http://www.tile.net/
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listserv/, and Indiana University Search for Mailing Lists -
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http://www.ucssc.indiana.edu/mlarchive). -- CJC
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Banks, Julie, Linda Carter, Carl Pracht. "Library Luncheon and
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Update: Teaching Faculty about New Technology" The Journal of
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Academic Librarianship 22(2) (March 1996): 128-130. -- Through
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a series of luncheons and formal update sessions sponsored by
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the library at Southeast Missouri State University, faculty
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learned about a variety of electronic resources available in
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the library. As a result of the sessions, faculty began to
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integrate what they'd learned into their instruction. -- MP
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Conte, Ron Jr. "Guiding Lights" Internet World 7(5) (May
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1996): 41-44. [URL for the links from this article, not the
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article itself: http://www.iw.com/iw-online/May96/linkmap.html]
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-- These days there are hundreds of search tools available for
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free on the Web. From searching for someone's email address to
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a finding a shareware software program, there are often several
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tools to choose from. This article is chock-full of URLs for
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different kinds of search tools, organized by broad category.
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The categories include search engines, directories, what's new,
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email addresses, gopher archives, software search, newsgroups,
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and metasearches. The one glaring omission is a category for
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the increasing number of commercial full-text search services
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such as Electric Library [http://www.elibrary.com/] and NLightN
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[http://www.nlightn.com/]. -- RT
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Day, Pam A. "Internet Resources in Folklore and Folklife"
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College & Research Libraries News 57(4) (April 1996): 204-207.
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-- A selective list of Internet resources in folklore and
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folklife, this list is strong in the areas of Southern culture
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and Arthurian and medieval folklore with references to
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association homepages, discussion groups and electronic
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journals but seems to entirely omit any references to
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resources on urban legends (alligators in sewers, etc.) or
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contemporary folklife (personalized license plates, swear
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words, etc.). -- MP
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Phillips, Carl D. "Energy Resources on the Internet" College &
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Research Libraries News 57(3) (March 1996): 142-146. -- Another
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handy C & RL News guide to Internet resources, this month
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focuses on energy resources. It contains the usual list
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(conveniently annotated) of directories, government agency web
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sites and newsgroups and discussion lists. -- MP
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Pratt, Gregory F., Patrick Flannery and Cassandra L.D. Perkins.
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"Guidelines for Internet Resource Selection" College & Research
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Libraries News 57(3) (March 1996)): 134-135. -- A working group
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of librarians at the Houston Academy of Medicine-Texas Medical
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Center recognized the responsibility that libraries have to
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evaluate and select resources regardless of media; at the same
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time, they realized that unlike the traditional world of books
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and journals, Internet resources lack the publishing industry's
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filters. Therefore, the group developed a set of guidelines for
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Internet resource evaluation and selection which they added to
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their collection development policy and which they have
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reprinted in this month's issue of C & RL News. The six points
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of this concise list of criteria (which includes such items as
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quality & content, relevancy, ease of use and more) along with
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the discussion of unique challenges associated with collection
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development on the Internet should prove to be an invaluable
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resource for many information professionals. -- MP
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Vander Meer, Patricia Fravel. "Enhancing University
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Administrators' Awareness of the Web: A Library Perspective"
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Computers in Libraries 16(3) (March 1996): 50-56. -- This
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article makes a case for academic librarians to find Web
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applications that are useful to the campus community and
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present informational sessions to promote Web awareness
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among campus administration. The author suggests that by
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using and promoting this new technology, the library will
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be seen as a strategic resource in times of shrinking
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budgets. Resources given as examples include sites for
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university admissions applications, access to grades and
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class schedules and campus security information. -- CJC
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Venditto, Gus. "Search Engine Showdown" Internet World 7(5)
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(May 1996): 79-86. [URL for the links from this article, not the
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article itself: http://www.iw.com/iw-online/May96/linkmap.html]
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-- Finally. Someone who understands the difference between a
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Yahoo and a Lycos. Venditto describes and rates the seven best
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robot-built Web search tools. He includes a lot of good
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background information in the tool descriptions as well as
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searching tips. A table summarizes the features of each tool.
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Although he either did not know about or chose not to discuss
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Alta Vista's quite powerful search features, this article is
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nonetheless one of the best summary articles on the key Web
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search tools I've seen. -- RT
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General
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Ubois, Jeff. "Agents of Change: A New Agenda" Internet World 7(5)
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(May 1996): 61-66. [URL for the links from this article, not the
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article itself: http://www.iw.com/iw-online/May96/linkmap.html]
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-- In this interview with Don Norman of _The Design of Everyday
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Things_ and _Things That Make Us Smart_ fame, we discover all
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over again things that we knew (intuitively perhaps) but had
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forgotten amid the day-to-day necessity of dealing with our
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computers. Norman, who is now VP of Advanced Technology at Apple
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Computer is trying to make computers go away. He would prefer
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that we spend our time focusing on the work we are doing and
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stop futzing with the device we are using to do it. More power
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to him. This is an interesting and thought-provoking interview
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that is well worth the time of anyone who has ever used a
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computer. And if you're reading this, that's you. -- RT
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-------------------------------------------------------------------
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Current Cites 7(4) (April 1996) ISSN: 1060-2356
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Copyright (C) 1996 by the Library, University of
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California, Berkeley. All rights reserved.
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All product names are trademarks or registered trademarks
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of their respective holders. Mention of a product in this
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publication does not necessarily imply endorsement of the
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product.
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[URL:http://sunsite.berkeley.edu/CurrentCites/]
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To subscribe, send the message "sub cites [your name]" to
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listproc@library.berkeley.edu, replacing "[your name]"
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with your name. Copying is permitted for noncommercial use
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by computerized bulletin board/conference systems, individual
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scholars, and libraries. Libraries are authorized to add the
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journal to their collections at no cost. An archive site is
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maintained at ftp.lib.berkeley.edu in directory /pub/Current.Cites
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[URL:ftp://ftp.lib.berkeley.edu/pub/Current.Cites]. This message
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must appear on copied material. All commercial use requires
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permission from the editor, who may be reached in the following
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ways:
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trinne@library.berkeley.edu // (510)642-8173
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--------------------------------------------------------------------
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