201 lines
16 KiB
Plaintext
201 lines
16 KiB
Plaintext
MAYOTTE
|
|
(territorial collectivity of France)
|
|
GEOGRAPHY
|
|
Total area: 375 km2; land area: 375 km2
|
|
|
|
Comparative area: slightly more than twice the size of Washington,
|
|
DC
|
|
|
|
Land boundaries: none
|
|
|
|
Coastline: 185.2 km
|
|
|
|
Maritime claims:
|
|
|
|
Exclusive economic zone: 200 nm;
|
|
|
|
Territorial sea: 12 nm
|
|
|
|
Disputes: claimed by Comoros
|
|
|
|
Climate: tropical; marine; hot, humid, rainy season during
|
|
northeastern monsoon (November to May); dry season is cooler (May to
|
|
November)
|
|
|
|
Terrain: generally undulating with ancient volcanic peaks, deep
|
|
ravines
|
|
|
|
Natural resources: negligible
|
|
|
|
Land use: arable land NA%; permanent crops NA%; meadows and
|
|
pastures NA%; forest and woodland NA%; other NA%
|
|
|
|
Environment: subject to cyclones during rainy season
|
|
|
|
Note: part of Comoro Archipelago; located in the Mozambique Channel
|
|
about halfway between Africa and Madagascar
|
|
|
|
PEOPLE
|
|
Population: 75,027 (July 1991), growth rate 3.9% (1991)
|
|
|
|
Birth rate: 50 births/1,000 population (1991)
|
|
|
|
Death rate: 12 deaths/1,000 population (1991)
|
|
Net migration rate: 0 migrants/1,000 population (1991)
|
|
|
|
Infant mortality rate: 87 deaths/1,000 live births (1991)
|
|
|
|
Life expectancy at birth: 54 years male, 59 years female (1991)
|
|
|
|
Total fertility rate: 6.8 chill~en born/woman (1991)
|
|
|
|
Nationality: noun--Mahorais (sing., pl.); adjective--Mahoran
|
|
|
|
Religion: Muslim 99%; remainder Christian, mostly Roman Catholic
|
|
|
|
Language: Mahorian (a Swahili dialect), French
|
|
|
|
Literacy: NA% (male NA%, female NA%)
|
|
|
|
Labor force: NA
|
|
|
|
Organized labor: NA
|
|
|
|
GOVERNMENT
|
|
Long-form name: Territorial Collectivity of Mayotte
|
|
|
|
Type: territorial collectivity of France
|
|
|
|
Capital: Dzaoudzi
|
|
|
|
Administrative divisions: none (territorial collectivity of France)
|
|
|
|
Independence: none (territorial collectivity of France)
|
|
|
|
Constitution: 28 September 1958 (French Constitution)
|
|
|
|
Legal system: French law
|
|
|
|
National holiday: Taking of the Bastille, 14 July (1789)
|
|
|
|
Executive branch: government commissioner
|
|
|
|
Legislative branch: unicameral General Council (Conseil
|
|
General)
|
|
|
|
Judicial branch: Supreme Court (Tribunal Superieur d'Appel)
|
|
|
|
Leaders:
|
|
|
|
Chief of State--President Francois MITTERRAND (since 21 May
|
|
1981);
|
|
|
|
Head of Government--Prefect, Representative of the French
|
|
Government Daniel LIMODIN (since NA 1990);
|
|
President of the General Council Youssouf BAMANA (since NA 1976)
|
|
|
|
Political parties and leaders:
|
|
Mahoran Popular Movement (MPM), Younoussa BAMANA;
|
|
Party for the Mahoran Democratic Rally (PRDM), Daroueche MAOULIDA;
|
|
Mahoran Rally for the Republic (RMPR), Mansour KAMARDINE;
|
|
Union of the Center (UDC)
|
|
|
|
Suffrage: universal at age 18
|
|
|
|
Elections:
|
|
|
|
General Council--last held NA June 1988 (next to be held June
|
|
1993);
|
|
results--percent of vote by party NA;
|
|
seats--(17 total) MPM 9, RPR 6, other 2;
|
|
|
|
French Senate--last held on 24 September 1989 (next to be held
|
|
September 1992);
|
|
results--percent of vote by party NA;
|
|
seats--(1 total) MPM 1;
|
|
|
|
French National Assembly--last held 5 and 12 June 1988 (next to
|
|
be held June 1993);
|
|
results--percent of vote by party NA;
|
|
seats--(1 total) UDC 1
|
|
|
|
Communists: probably none
|
|
|
|
Member of: FZ
|
|
|
|
Diplomatic representation: as a territorial collectivity of France,
|
|
Mahoran interests are represented in the US by France
|
|
|
|
Flag: the flag of France is used
|
|
|
|
ECONOMY
|
|
Overview: Economic activity is based primarily on the agricultural
|
|
sector, including fishing and livestock raising. Mayotte is not
|
|
self-sufficient and must import a large portion of its food requirements,
|
|
mainly from France. The economy and future development of the island is
|
|
heavily dependent on French financial assistance.
|
|
|
|
GDP: $NA, per capita $NA; real growth rate NA%
|
|
|
|
Inflation rate (consumer prices): NA%
|
|
|
|
Unemployment rate: NA%
|
|
|
|
Budget: revenues NA; expenditures $37.3 million, including capital
|
|
expenditures of NA (1985)
|
|
|
|
Exports: $4.0 million (f.o.b., 1984);
|
|
|
|
commodities--ylang-ylang, vanilla;
|
|
|
|
partners--France 79%, Comoros 10%, Reunion 9%
|
|
|
|
Imports: $21.8 million (f.o.b., 1984);
|
|
|
|
commodities--building materials, transportation equipment, rice,
|
|
clothing, flour;
|
|
|
|
partners--France 57%, Kenya 16%, South Africa 11%, Pakistan 8%
|
|
|
|
External debt: $NA
|
|
|
|
Industrial production: growth rate NA%
|
|
Electricity: NA kW capacity; NA million kWh produced, NA kWh
|
|
per capita
|
|
|
|
Industries: newly created lobster and shrimp industry
|
|
|
|
Agriculture: most important sector; provides all export earnings;
|
|
crops--vanilla, ylang-ylang, coffee, copra; imports major share of food
|
|
needs
|
|
|
|
Economic aid: Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral
|
|
commitments (1970-87), $323.8 million
|
|
|
|
Currency: French franc (plural--francs); 1 French franc (F) = 100
|
|
centimes
|
|
|
|
Exchange rates: French francs (F) per US$1--5.1307 (January 1991),
|
|
5.4453 (1990), 6.3801 (1989), 5.9569 (1988), 6.0107 (1987), 6.9261
|
|
(1986), 8.9852 (1985)
|
|
|
|
Fiscal year: calendar year
|
|
|
|
COMMUNICATIONS
|
|
Highways: 42 km total; 18 km bituminous
|
|
|
|
Civil air: no major transport aircraft
|
|
|
|
Airports: 1 with permanent-surface runway 1,220-2,439 m
|
|
|
|
Ports: Dzaoudzi
|
|
|
|
Telecommunications: small system administered by French Department
|
|
of Posts and Telecommunications; includes radio relay and high-frequency
|
|
radio communications for links with Comoros and international
|
|
communications; 450 telephones; stations--1 AM, no FM, no TV
|
|
|
|
DEFENSE FORCES
|
|
Note: defense is the responsibility of France
|
|
|
|
|