192 lines
8.0 KiB
Plaintext
192 lines
8.0 KiB
Plaintext
Chemicals 1
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I. Common "weak" explosives.
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A. Gunpowder:
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75% Potassium Nitrate
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15% Charcoal
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10% Sulfur
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The chemicals should be ground into a fine powder (seperately!) with a
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morter & pestle. If gunpowder is ignited in the open, it burns fiercely, but if
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in a closed space it builds up pressure from the released gases and can explode
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the container. Gunpowder works like this: the potassium nitrate oxidizes the
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charcoal and sulfur, which then burn fiercely. Carbon dioxide and sulfur
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dioxide are the gases released.
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B. Ammonal:
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Ammonal is a mixture of ammonium nitrate (a strong oxidizer) with aluminum
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powder (the 'fuel' in this case). I am not sure of the % composition for
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Ammonal, so you may want to experiment a little using small amounts.
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C. Chemically ignited explosives:
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1. A mixture of 1 part potassium chlorate to 3 parts table sugar (sucrose)
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burns fiercely and brightly (similar to the burning of magnesium) when 1 drop
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of concentrated sulfuric acid is placed on it. What occurs is this: when the
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acid is added it reacts with the potassium chlorate to form chlorine dioxide,
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which explodes on formation, burning the sugar as well.
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2. Using various chemicals, I have developed a mixture that works very well
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for imitating volcanic eruptions. I have given it the name 'MPG Volcanite'
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(tm). Here it is: potassium chlorate +potassium perchlorate + ammonium nitrate
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+ ammonium dichromate + potassium nitrate + sugar + sulfur + iron filings +
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charcoal + zinc dust + some coloring agent. (scarlet= strontium nitrate,
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purple= iodine crystals, yellow= sodium chloride, crimson= calcium chloride,
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etc...).
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3. So, do you think water puts out fires? In this one, it starts it. Mixture:
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ammonium nitrate + ammonium chloride + iodine + zinc dust. When a drop or two
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of water is added, the ammonium nitrate forms nitric acid which reacts with the
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zinc to produce hydrogen and heat. The heat vaporizes the iodine (giving off
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purple smoke) and the ammonium chloride (becomes purple when mixed with iodine
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vapor). It also may ignite the hydrogen and begin burning.
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Ammonium nitrate: 8 grams
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Ammonium choride: 1 gram
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Zinc dust: 8 grams
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Iodine crystals: 1 gram
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4. Potassium permanganate + glycerine when mixed produces a purple-colored
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flame in 30 secs-1 min. Works best if the potassium permanganate is finely
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ground.
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5. Calcium carbide + water releases acetylene gas (highly flammable gas used
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in blow torches...)
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II. Thermite reaction.
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The Thermite reaction is used in welding, because it generates molten iron
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and temperatures of 3500 C (6000F+). It uses one of the previous reactions that
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I talked about to START it!
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Starter=potassium chlorate + sugar
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Main pt.= iron (III) oxide + aluminum powder (325 mesh or finer)
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Put the potassium chlorare + sugar around and on top of the main pt. To
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start the reaction, place one drop of concentrated sulfuric acid on top of the
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starter mixture. STEP BACK! The ratios are: 3 parts iron(III) oxide to 1 part
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aluminum powder to 1 part potassium chlorate to 1 part sugar.
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When you first do it, try 3g:1g:1g:1g!
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Also, there is an alternative starter for the Thermite reaction. The
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alternative is potassium permanganate + glycerine. Amounts: 55g iron(III)
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oxide, 15g aluminum powder, 25g potassium permanganate, 6ml glycerine.
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III. Nitrogen-containing high explosives.
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A. Mercury(II) Fulminate
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To produce Mercury(II) Fulminate, a very sensitive shock explosive, one
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might assume that it could be formed by adding Fulminic acid to mercury. This
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is somewhat difficult since Fulminic acid is very unstable and cannot be
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purchased. I did some research and figured out a way to make it without
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fulminic acid. You add 2 parts nitric acid to 2 parts alcohol to 1 part
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mercury. This is theoretical (I have not yet tried it) so please, if you try
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this, do it in very* small amounts and tell me the results.
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B. Nitrogen Triiodide
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Nitrogen Triiodide is a very powerful and very shock sensitive explosive.
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Never store it and be carful when you're around it- sound, air movements, and
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other tiny things could set it off.
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Materials-
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2-3g Iodine
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15ml conc. ammonia
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8 sheets filter paper
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50ml beaker
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feather mounted on a two meter pole
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ear plugs
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tape
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spatula
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stirring rod
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Add 2-3g Iodine to 15ml ammonia in the 50ml beaker. Stir, let stand for 5
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minutes.
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DO THE FOLLOWING WITHIN 5 MINUTES!
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Retain the solid, decant the liquid (pour off the liquid but keep the brown
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solid...). Scape the brown residue of Nitrogen Triiodide onto a stack of four
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sheets of filter paper. Divide solid into four parts, putting each on a
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seperate sheet of dry filter paper. Tape in position, leave to dry undisturbed
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for AT LEAST 30 minutes (preferrably longer). To detonate, touch with feather.
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(WEAR EAR PLUGS WHEN DETONATING OR COVER EARS- IT IS VERY LOUD!)
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C. Cellulose Nitrate (Guncotton)
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Commonly known as Smokeless powder, Nitrocellulose is exactly that- it
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does not give off smoke when it burns.
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Materials-
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70ml concentrated sulfuric acid
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30ml concentrated nitric acid
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5g absorbent cotton
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250ml 1M sodium bicarbonate
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250ml beaker
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ice bath
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tongs
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paper towels
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Place 250ml beaker in the ice bath, add 70ml sulfuric acid, 30 ml nitric
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acid. Divide cotton into .7g pieces. With tongs, immerse each piece in the acid
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solution for 1 minute. Next, rinse each piece in 3 successive baths of 500ml
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water. Use fresh water for each piece. Then immerse in 250ml 1M sodium
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bicarbonate. If it bubbles, rinse in water once more until no bubbling occurs.
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Squeeze dry and spread on paper towels to dry overnight.
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D. Nitroglycerine
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Nitroglycerine is a *VERY* dangerous shock sensitive explosive. It is used
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in making dynamite, among other things.
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I am not sure as to the proportions and amounts of chemicals to be used, so
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I shall use estimates.
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Materials-
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70ml conc. sulfuric acid
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30ml conc. nitric acid
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10 ml glycerine
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ice bath
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150ml beaker
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Put the 150ml beaker in the ice bath and make sure that it is very cold.
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Slowly add the 70ml sulfuric and 30ml nitric acids to the beaker, trying to
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maintain a low temperature. When the temperature starts to level off, add about
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10ml glycerine. If it turns brown or looks funny, **RUN LIKE HELL**. When
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Nitroglycerine turns brown, that means it's ready to explode... If it stays
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clear and all works well, keep the temperature as low as you can and let it sit
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for a few hours. You then should have some Nitroglycerine, probably mixed with
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nitric and sulfuric acids. When you set it off, you must not be nearby.
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Nitroglycerine can fill 10,000 times its original area with expanding gases.
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This means that if you have 10ml's of Nitroglycerine in there, it will produce
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some 100,000ml's of gases.
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To make it into dynamite, the Nitroglycerine must be absorbed into something
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like wood pulp or diamaeceous earth (spelled something like that).
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IV. Other stuff
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A. Peroxyacetone
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Peroxyacetone is extremely flammable and has been reported to be shock
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sensitive.
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Materials-
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4ml Acetone
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4ml 30% Hydrogen Peroxide
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4 drops conc. hydrochloric acid
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150mm test tube
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Add 4ml acetone and 4ml hydrogen peroxide to the test tube. Then add 4 drops
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concentrated hydrochloric acid. In 10-20 minutes a white solid should begin to
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appear. If no change is observed, warm the test tube in a water bath at 40
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celsius. Allow the reaction to continue for two hours. Swirl the slurry and
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filter it. Leave out on filter paper to dry for at least two hours. To ignite,
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light a candle tied to a meter stick and light it (while staying at least a
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meter away).
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B. Smoke smoke smoke...
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The following reaction should produce a fair amount of smoke. Since this
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reaction is not all that dangerous you can use larger amounts if necessary for
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larger amounts of smoke.
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6g zinc powder
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1g sulfur powder
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Insert a red hot wire into the pile, step back. A lot of smoke should be
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created.
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