214 lines
17 KiB
Plaintext
214 lines
17 KiB
Plaintext
MICRONESIA, FEDERATED STATES OF
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GEOGRAPHY
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Total area: 702 km2; land area: 702 km2; includes Pohnpei, Truk,
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Yap, and Kosrae
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Comparative area: slightly less than four times the size of
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Washington, DC
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Land boundaries: none
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Coastline: 6,112 km
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Maritime claims:
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Exclusive economic zone: 200 nm;
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Territorial sea: 12 nm
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Climate: tropical; heavy year-round rainfall, especially in the
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eastern islands; located on southern edge of the typhoon belt with
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occasional severe
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damage
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Terrain: islands vary geologically from high mountainous islands to
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low, coral atolls; volcanic outcroppings on Pohnpei, Kosrae, and Truk
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Natural resources: forests, marine products, deep-seabed minerals
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Land use: arable land NA%; permanent crops NA%; meadows and
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pastures NA%; forest and woodland NA%; other NA%
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Environment: subject to typhoons from June to December; four major
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island groups totaling 607 islands
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Note: located 5,150 km west-southwest of Honolulu in the North
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Pacific Ocean, about three-quarters of the way between Hawaii and
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Indonesia
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PEOPLE
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Population: 107,662 (July 1991), growth rate 2.5% (1991)
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Birth rate: 34 births/1,000 population (1991)
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Death rate: 5 deaths/1,000 population (1991)
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Net migration rate: - 4 migrants/1,000 population (1991)
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Infant mortality rate: 26 deaths/1,000 live births (1991)
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Life expectancy at birth: 68 years male, 73 years female (1991)
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Total fertility rate: 5.0 children born/woman (1991)
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Nationality: noun--Micronesian(s); adjective--Micronesian;
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Kosrae(s), Pohnpeian(s), Trukese, Yapese
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Ethnic divisions: nine ethnic Micronesian and Polynesian groups
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Religion: predominantly Christian, divided between Roman Catholic
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and Protestant; other churches include Assembly of God, Jehovah's
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Witnesses, Seventh-Day Adventist, Latter Day Saints, and the Baha'i
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Faith
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Language: English is the official and common language; most
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indigenous languages fall within the Austronesian language family, the
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exceptions are the Polynesian languages; major indigenous languages are
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Trukese, Pohnpeian, Yapese, and Kosrean
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Literacy: 90% (male 90%, female 85%) age 15 and over can
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read and write (1980)
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Labor force: NA; two-thirds are government employees; 45,000 people
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are between the ages of 15 and 65
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Organized labor: NA
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GOVERNMENT
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Long-form name: Federated States of Micronesia (no short-form name)
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Type: constitutional government in free association with the US;
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the Compact of Free Association entered into force 3 November 1986
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Capital: Kolonia (on the island of Pohnpei); note--a new capital is
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being built about 10 km southwest in the Palikir valley
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Administrative divisions: 4 states; Kosrae, Pohnpei, Chuuk, Yap
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Independence: 3 November 1986 (from the US-administered UN
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Trusteeship; formerly the Kosrae, Pohnpei, Truk, and Yap districts of the
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Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands)
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Constitution: 10 May 1979
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Legal system: based on adapted Trust Territory laws, acts of the
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legislature, municipal, common, and customary laws
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National holiday: Proclamation of the Federated States of
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Micronesia, 10 May (1979)
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Executive branch: president, vice president, Cabinet
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Legislative branch: unicameral Congress
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Judicial branch: Supreme Court
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Leaders:
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Chief of State and Head of Government--President Bailey OLTER
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(since 11 May 1991); Vice President Jacob NENA (since 11 May 1991)
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Political parties and leaders: no formal parties
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Suffrage: universal at age 18
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Elections:
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President--last held 5 March 1991 (next to be held March 1994);
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results--Vice President Bailey OLTER elected president;
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Congress--last held on 5 March 1991 (next to be
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held March 1993);
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results--percent of vote NA;
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seats--(14 total)
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Communists: none
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Member of: ESCAP (associate), ICAO, SPC, SPF, UN
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Diplomatic representation: Ambassador Jesse B. MAREHALAU;
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Embassy at 706 G Street SE, Washington DC 20003; telephone (202)
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544-2640;
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US--Ambassador Aurelia BRAZEAL; Embassy at address NA, Kolonia
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(mailing address is P. O. Box 1286, Pohnpei, Federated States of
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Micronesia 96941); telephone 691-320-2187
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Flag: light blue with four white five-pointed stars centered; the
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stars are arranged in a diamond pattern
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ECONOMY
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Overview: Financial assistance from the US is the primary source
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of revenue, with the US pledged to spend $1 billion in the islands in the
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1990s; also in December 1990 the US authorized the use of disaster
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relief funds for Micronesia because of damage from Typhoon Russ.
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In addition Micronesia earns about $4 million a year in fees from foreign
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commercial fishing concerns. Economic activity consists primarily of
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subsistence farming and fishing. The islands have few mineral deposits
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worth exploiting, except for high-grade phosphate. The potential for a
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tourist industry exists, but the remoteness of the location and a lack of
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adequate facilities hinder development.
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GNP: $150 million, per capita $1,500; real growth rate NA%
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(1989 est.); note--GNP numbers reflect US spending
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Inflation rate (consumer prices): NA%
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Unemployment rate: 80% (1988)
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Budget: revenues $110.8 million; expenditures NA, including
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capital expenditures of NA (1987 est.)
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Exports: $1.6 million (f.o.b., 1983);
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commodities--copra;
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partners--NA
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Imports: $48.9 million (c.i.f., 1983);
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commodities--NA;
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partners--NA
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External debt: $NA
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Industrial production: growth rate NA%
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Electricity: 18,000 kW capacity; 40 million kWh produced,
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380 kWh per capita (1990)
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Industries: tourism, craft items from shell, wood, and pearl
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Agriculture: mainly a subsistence economy; copra, black pepper;
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tropical fruits and vegetables, coconuts, cassava, sweet potatoes, pigs,
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chickens
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Economic aid: under terms of the Compact of Free Association, the
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US will provide $1.3 billion in grant aid during the period 1986-2001
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Currency: US currency is used
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Exchange rates: US currency is used
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Fiscal year: 1 October-30 September
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COMMUNICATIONS
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Highways: 39 km of paved macadam and concrete roads on major
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islands, otherwise 187 km stone-, coral-, or laterite-surfaced roads
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Ports: Colonia (Yap), Truk (Kosrae), Okat (Kosrae)
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Airports: 11 total, 10 usable; 7 with permanent-surface runways;
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none with runways over 2,439 m; 6 with runways 1,220-2,439
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Telecommunications: 16,000 radio receivers, 1,125 TV sets (est.
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1987); telephone network--960 telephone lines at both Kolonia and Truk;
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islands interconnected by shortwave radio (used mostly for government
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purposes); stations--5 AM, 1 FM, 6 TV, 1 shortwave; 4 Pacific Ocean
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INTELSAT earth stations
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DEFENSE FORCES
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Note: defense is the responsibility of the US
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